Traducción y análisis de palabras por inteligencia artificial ChatGPT
En esta página puede obtener un análisis detallado de una palabra o frase, producido utilizando la mejor tecnología de inteligencia artificial hasta la fecha:
- cómo se usa la palabra
- frecuencia de uso
- se utiliza con más frecuencia en el habla oral o escrita
- opciones de traducción
- ejemplos de uso (varias frases con traducción)
- etimología
virulent pen - traducción al ruso
 from Tupelo, Miss., deliver school supplies.jpg?width=200)
['penfrend]
существительное
общая лексика
знакомый
друг по переписке
![[[Bic Cristal]] ballpoint pens shown in four basic ink colors](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/4 Bic Cristal pens and caps.jpg?width=200 "[[Bic Cristal]] ballpoint pens shown in four basic ink colors")
.jpeg?width=200 "Magnified tip of a ballpoint pen")
![induced fungal decay]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kugelschreiber Buche gestockt.jpg?width=200 "induced fungal decay]]")
![Ballpoint "''PENting''" by [[Lennie Mace]], Uchuu Neko Parade (2005) ballpoint pen and hardware on paper](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lennie Mace "Uchuu Neko Parade" 2005 Tokyo, ballpoint "Penting" 130x92cm.jpg?width=200 "Ballpoint \"''PENting''\" by [[Lennie Mace]], Uchuu Neko Parade (2005) ballpoint pen and hardware on paper")
![Example of a ballpoint pen work-in-progress – rendering of actor [[Steve McQueen]] by artist James Mylne](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/McQueen ballpoint biro drawing art.jpg?width=200 "Example of a ballpoint pen work-in-progress – rendering of actor [[Steve McQueen]] by artist James Mylne")
Definición
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Wikipedia
Virulence is a pathogen's or microorganism's ability to cause damage to a host.
In most, especially in animal systems, virulence refers to the degree of damage caused by a microbe to its host. The pathogenicity of an organism—its ability to cause disease—is determined by its virulence factors. In the specific context of gene for gene systems, often in plants, virulence refers to a pathogen's ability to infect a resistant host.
The noun virulence derives from the adjective virulent, meaning disease severity. The word virulent derives from the Latin word virulentus, meaning "a poisoned wound" or "full of poison."
From an ecological standpoint, virulence is the loss of fitness induced by a parasite upon its host. Virulence can be understood in terms of proximate causes—those specific traits of the pathogen that help make the host ill—and ultimate causes—the evolutionary pressures that lead to virulent traits occurring in a pathogen strain.
